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AUTHOR(S): Juan M. Ramirez, Alexander Sanchez Ocampo
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ABSTRACT The integration of renewable energy into power systems reduces grid inertia, posing a stability challenge as inverter-based resources increasingly displace traditional synchronous generators. Accurate inertia estimation, which accounts for contributions from both generator and load inertia, is essential for effective frequency control. Although load inertia is typically smaller than that of generators, its role in dampening frequency fluctuations remains critical. This study applies momentum conservation principles to calculate equivalent load inertia within power networks, yielding findings that validate the proposed method and provide valuable insights for maintaining grid reliability during the transition to renewable energy. Furthermore, the paper presents a graph-theoretic approach for regional frequency assessment, integrating spectral centrality with an enhanced label propagation technique to identify centres of inertia (COIs) and delineate system communities. By evaluating generator locations and line admittances, the framework partitions networks into coherent clusters, which represent a valuable tool for enabling precise localisation of regional COIs (RCOIs). |
KEYWORDS frequency control, inertia estimation, load bus inertia, momentum conservation, power systems stability, and transient stability |
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Cite this paper Juan M. Ramirez, Alexander Sanchez Ocampo . (2025) Load Bus Inertia Estimation in Electrical Power Networks Using Distance Measurements: A Data-driven Approach. International Journal of Power Systems, 10, 12-24 |
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