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AUTHOR(S): Yue Liu, Ying Liu, Michael G. B. Drew
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ABSTRACT The mechanism of microwave absorption in films remains a subject of fundamental theoretical disagreement. This study provides a rigorous theoretical evaluation comparing impedance matching theory and wave mechanics theory using undergraduate-level transmission line principles. We demonstrate that impedance matching theory contains a critical logical flaw: when its core premise is satisfied (complete microwave entry into the material), no absorption peaks occur, contradicting experimental observations. Through phase and amplitude analysis of reflection coefficients at both film interfaces, we prove that wave mechanics theory correctly explains all observed phenomena through destructive wave interference. Calculations show that optimal absorption occurs when incident microwaves do not all enter the film, yet the film absorbs all incident energy through phase-cancellation effects. The theoretical foundation is supported by analysis of experimental data demonstrating multiple absorption peaks, thickness-dependent oscillatory behavior, and conditions where impedance matching coincides with minimum rather than maximum absorption. These results reveal that impedance matching theory represents a fundamental misinterpretation of transmission line theory, while wave mechanics theory which is a new development of microwave theory in the field of material and device that many new concepts contrary to common sense have been established, provides the correct physical understanding of microwave absorption mechanisms. This work addresses a critical gap in the scientific literature where demonstrable theoretical errors persist despite clear mathematical evidence. |
KEYWORDS microwave absorption, impedance matching theory, wave mechanics theory, transmission line theory, reflection loss, electromagnetic wave interference |
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Cite this paper Yue Liu, Ying Liu, Michael G. B. Drew. (2025) Objective Evaluation of Impedance Matching Theory versus Wave Mechanics Theory for Microwave Absorption: A Theoretical Analysis Using Transmission Line Principles Subtitle: A new development of microwave theory in the field of material and device. Journal of Electromagnetics, 8, 15-20 |
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