On GA Optimized Automatic Generation Control with Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage

AUTHOR(S):

Emil Ninan Skariah, Rajesh Joseph Abraham

TITLE

On GA Optimized Automatic Generation Control with Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage

ABSTRACT

This paper discusses the effect of a Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) on low frequency oscillations in area frequency deviations and the tie line power variations following a step load perturbation. A two area interconnected thermal power system with two reheat generating units in area 1 and two non reheat generating units in area 2 has been considered with SMES unit in each area. The optimal integral gain settings of both the areas without and with SMES are obtained for different combinations of ACE participation factors using Genetic Algorithm where the objective function considered is quadratic in frequency deviations and tie line power deviations. A comparison of dynamic performances without and with SMES units reveals that SMES can effectively improve the dynamic responses by reducing the overshoots and settling time to a significant extent.

KEYWORDS

Automatic Generation Control, Genetic Algorithm, Integral Squared Error technique, Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage

REFERENCES

[1] O. I. Elgerd, C. E. Fosha, Optimum megawatt frequency – control of multi-area electric energy systems, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, PAS-89, 1970, pp. 556-563.

[2] C. E. Fosha, O. I. Elgerd, The megawatt frequency – control problem: A new approach via optimal control theory, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, PAS-89, 1970, pp. 563-577.

[3] K. S. S. Ramakrishna, T.S. Bhatti, Automatic generation control of single area power system with multi-source power generation, Proc. IMechE., Part A: J. Power and Energy, 222, (1) , 2008, pp. 1-11.

[4] H. Shayeghi, H. A. Shayanfar, and A. Jalili, Load frequency control strategies: A state-of-the-art survey for the researcher, Energy Conversion and Management, 50, 2009, pp. 344-353.

[5] Ibraheem, P. Kumar, and D. P. Kothari, Recent philosophies of automatic generation control strategies in power systems, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 20, (1), 2005, pp. 346-357.

[6] S. Doola, T. S. Bhatti, A new load frequency control technique for an isolated small hydro power plant, Proc. IMechE., Part A: J. Power and Energy, 221, (1) , 2008, pp. 51-57.

[7] J. Nanda, M. L. Kothari, P. S. Satsangi, Automatic generation control of an interconnected hydrothermal system in continuous and discrete modes considering generation rate constraints, IEE Proc., 130, (1) , 1983, pp. 17-27.

[8] J. Nanda, M. L. Kothari, P. S. Satsangi, Sampled-data Automatic Generation Control of interconnected reheat thermal systems considering generation rate constraints, IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, 100, (5) , 1981, pp. 2334-2342.

[9] M. Aldeen, H. Trinh, Load frequency control of interconnected power systems via constrained feedback control schemes, Comput Electr Eng., 20, (1) 1994, pp. 71-88,.

[10] J. Nanda, B. L. Kaul, Automatic generation control of an interconnected power system, Proc. IEE., 125, (5), 1978, pp. 385-390.

[11]S. M. Miniesy, E. V. Bohn, Optimum load frequency continuous control with unknown deterministic power demand, IEEE Trans Power Syst., PAS-91, 1972, pp. 1910-5.

[12]P. Kundur, Power system stability and control, Tata Mc Graw Hill, India, 2006.

[13]N. Benjamin , W. Chan, Variable structure control of electric power generation, IEEE Trans Power Syst., PAS-101, (2) , 1982, pp. 376-80.

[14]W. Du, H. F. Wang, L. Xiao, and R. Dunn, The capability of energy storage systems to damp power system oscillations, Proc. IMechE., Part A: J. Power and Energy, 223, (7) , 2009, pp. 759-772.

[15]Mohd. Hasan Ali, Bin Wu, Roger A. Dougal, An overview of SMES Applications in Power and energy systems, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 1,(1) , 2010, pp. 38-47.

[16]William V. Hassenzahl, Drew W. Hazelton, Brian K. Johnson, Peter Komarek, Mathias Noe, Chandra T. Reis, Electric Power Applications of Superconductivity, Proc. of IEEE, 92, (10) , 2004, pp. 1655-1674.

[17]S. C. Tripathy, R. Balasubramanian, P. S. Chandramohanan Nair, Adaptive Automatic Generation Control with Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage in Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 7, (3) , 1992, pp. 434-441.

[18]S. Banerjee , J. K. Chatterjee, S. C. Tripathy, Application of magnetic energy storage unit as continuous var controller, IEEE Trans Energy Conver., 5,(1), 1990, pp. 39-45.

[19]S. C. Tripathy, M. Kalanthar, R. Balasubramanian, Dynamics and stability of wind and diesel turbine generators with superconducting magnetic energy storage unit on an isolated power system, IEEE Trans Energy Conver., 6, (4) , 1991, pp. 579-85.

[20]B.C. Pal, A.H. Coonick, and D.C. Macdonald, Robust damping controller design in power systems with superconducting magnetic energy storage devices, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 15, (1) , 2000, pp. 320–325.

[21]Y. L. Abdel Magid, M. M. Dawoud, Optimal AGC tuning with genetic algorithms, Electric Power System Research, 38, 1997, pp. 231-238.

[22]S. P. Ghosal, S. K. Goswami, Application of GA based optimal integral gains in fuzzy based active power-frequency control of non-reheat and reheat thermal generating systems, Electric Power Systems Research, 67, 2003, pp. 79-88.

[23]Gayadhar Panda, Sidhartha Panda and C. Ardil, Automatic Generation Control of multi-area electric energy systems using modified GA, International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 4, (6) , 2010, pp. 419-427.

[24]M. Reformat, E.Kuffel, D. Woodford, and W. Pedrycz, Application of genetic algorithms for control design in power systems, IEE Proc., Gener. Transm. Distrib., 145, (4) , 1998, pp. 345–354.

[25] IEEE Committee Report, IEEE Trans. Power Apparatus and Systems, 86, 1966, pp. 384-395.

[26]E. W. Kimbark, Direct Current Transmission New York: John Wiley, 1971

Cite this paper

Emil Ninan Skariah, Rajesh Joseph Abraham. (2017) On GA Optimized Automatic Generation Control with Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage. International Journal of Power Systems, 2, 70-79