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AUTHOR(S): Pohl T., Heweling G., Fischer C., Weber K.
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ABSTRACT In this study the road traffic related air pollution within a busy urban street canyon in the City of Duesseldorf, Germany was investigated. For the investigations the measurement truck of the laboratory for environmental measurement techniques of the HSD was equipped with different measurement devices for gaseous and aerosol species as well as meteorological sensors. The measurement truck was placed next to a stationary air quality measurement container of the Environmental State Agency of North-Rhine-Westphalia (LANUV). The measurement site is located at the Cornelius street, a direct north south connecting street through the city of Duesseldorf, which is highly frequented by road traffic with an daily amount of about 45,000 vehicles. The street is located within the low emission zone (LEZ). Additionally the pass through of vehicles with a higher weight than 7.5 tons is prohibited. Within this study over a period of several weeks the particle mass concentrations PM10, PM2.5 and PM1, and the particle number size distribution (PNSD) were measured over a broad range from 5 nm to 32 µm with a high temporal resolution. Additionally, an aethalometer was used to determine the proportion of black carbon in the particle ensembles. Gaseous pollutants like nitrogen dioxide, ozone and sulphur dioxide were measured as well. Nitrogen dioxide is a typical species originating from combustion processes. In this study the data from NO2 strongly correlate with ultrafine particle and black carbon concentrations and for this reason all three species are clearly influenced by road traffic. However, this effect is not so pronounced for the particle mass concentrations, which are additionally influenced by the varying local background concentrations. During the measurements, the averaged concentration for PM10 was on a moderate level at 20.6 µg/m³ (PM2.5 13.4 µg/m³, PM1 10.7 µg/m³). The averaged NO2 concentration was 54.2 µg/m³ during the measurement period, which is above the yearly limit value of 40 µg/m³. However, the hourly limit value of 200 µg/m³ was not exceeded during the measurement period of this study. The averaged particle number concentration (PNC5-250 nm) and black carbon concentration were on a low level compared with values from other studies at roadsides. The PNC5-250 nm was at 6,400 #/cm³ and for black carbon at 1.8 µg/m³. The lower values for PNC and BC are possibly explained as a result due to the measures from the clean air plan. The measurements of this study took place in summertime. The air pollution concentrations might be higher during colder times of the year due to domestic fuel burning. After all it can be stated, that the additional monitoring of ultrafine particles and black carbon is relevant and important to characterize the composition of the air quality at roadsides and offer a better understanding for the temporal resolution of air pollutants in cities. Moreover, estimations on the risk of air pollution for the human health can more precisely be specified.
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KEYWORDS urban air pollution, road traffic emissions, ultrafine particles, nitrogen dioxide, black carbon
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REFERENCES [1] Pope, C. A., Brook, R. D., Burnett, R. T. & Dockery, D. W. 2011 How is cardiovascular disease mortality risk affected by duration and intensity of fine particulate matter exposure? An integration of the epidemiologic evidence. Air Qual Atmos Health 4, 5–14. |
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Cite this paper Pohl T., Heweling G., Fischer C., Weber K.. (2017) Traffic Influenced Nitrogen Dioxide, Ultrafine Particle and Black Carbon Concentrations at a Busy Urban Street in Duesseldorf, Germany. International Journal of Environmental Science, 2, 410-417 |
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