A Decision Approach for Evaluation of Last Mile Delivery Methods: A Case Study in Istanbul

Abstract: The rapid increase in demand for e-commerce has changed and transformed the logistics sector and made the integration of sustainability criteria necessary. This study addresses the sustainable assessment of different transportation modes used for last-mile delivery in Istanbul, especially in the context of e-commerce. The aim is to analyze the environmental impacts of delivery vehicles, such as carbon emissions, energy consumption, and traffic density, in order to help decision makers make more sustainable choices. A comparison is made among bicycles, motorcycles, pickup trucks, and multimodal/hybrid vehicles, which are commonly used for last-mile delivery, by considering their environmental performances. In order to better manage uncertainties and subjective evaluations, the fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making method was chosen, allowing for a more realistic and accurate analysis of transportation alternatives.